netzkonform

Netzkonform describes the property of electrical equipment and systems to operate in harmony with an electrical grid. In energy technology, the term is most often used for distributed generation devices such as solar inverters, battery storage systems, and small wind turbines that meet grid-connection requirements and can interact safely and effectively with the grid operator.

Compliance is achieved by adhering to grid-connection standards and network codes that specify connection procedures, safety, protection against islanding, and required grid-support functionalities. In Europe and Germany, examples include European standards such as EN 50549-1 and national regulations like VDE-AR-N 4105, which define how distributed energy resources shall operate, monitor grid conditions, and respond to faults. Inverters and other equipment may include anti-islanding protection and capabilities for voltage and frequency control to ensure grid stability.

Grid-support functions are a key aspect of Netzkonformität. These can include grid-forming or grid-following behavior, voltage regulation, reactive power control, participation in frequency response, and ride-through capabilities during short-term disturbances. Activation of such features may be mandatory for larger installations or during grid contingencies, with the overall goal of maintaining grid stability and enabling higher shares of renewable generation while ensuring safety for personnel and equipment.

Implementation and market effects: Netzkonform devices typically require certification by accredited bodies, and non-compliant equipment cannot feed power into the grid. The concept is central to modern smart grids, microgrids, and residential solar-plus-storage systems, and it interacts with grid-operator requirements and policy incentives.