neodimiohierroboro

Neodimiohierroboro magnets, commonly known as neodymium magnets, are a class of permanent magnets composed primarily of an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron (NdFeB). They often include small amounts of elements such as praseodymium, dysprosium or terbium to improve performance at high temperatures or to increase coercivity.

There are two main varieties: sintered NdFeB magnets, produced by powder metallurgy, and bonded NdFeB magnets, made by mixing NdFeB powder with a binder. They are among the strongest permanent magnets available, offering very high magnetic energy density and remanence, but their magnetization can drop at elevated temperatures and they are susceptible to corrosion if unprotected.

Manufacturing involves producing NdFeB powders (often by rapid solidification), aligning the particles in a magnetic field, and forming magnets via sintering or bonding. Sintered magnets are dense and mechanically robust, while bonded magnets are more flexible. Most NdFeB magnets are coated (typically with nickel, zinc, epoxy or a polymer) to protect against corrosion.

Applications span energy, transport and electronics, including electric motors for consumer devices, automotive traction motors, wind turbines, magnetic couplings, loudspeakers and data storage devices.

NdFeB magnets were developed in the 1980s by Japanese and American researchers (notably Sumitomo Special Metals and General Motors). Their combination of strength and cost made them dominant in many magnet-based applications, though supply and environmental considerations for rare earth elements influence production and recycling practices.