neliuva

Neliuva is a traditional Lithuanian folk song genre characterized by its melancholic and reflective nature, often centered on themes of longing, loss, and the beauty of nature. The term *neliuva* itself derives from the Lithuanian word *neliuvė*, meaning "sorrow" or "grief," reflecting the emotional depth of the music. These songs are typically sung in a slow, expressive tempo, accompanied by simple folk instruments such as the kanklės (Lithuanian zithers), harmonica, or accordion.

Neliuva songs are deeply rooted in Lithuanian rural culture and oral tradition, often passed down through generations. Their lyrics frequently depict the hardships of peasant life, the bittersweetness of love, or the transient beauty of the Lithuanian landscape, particularly during the changing seasons. The genre gained prominence in the 19th and early 20th centuries as part of the broader Lithuanian national revival movement, which sought to preserve and celebrate indigenous cultural heritage amid foreign occupation.

Musically, neliuva is distinguished by its modal scales and repetitive, hypnotic melodies, which evoke a sense of nostalgia. While modern interpretations have incorporated elements of contemporary folk and world music, the core essence of neliuva remains tied to its traditional form. Notable artists associated with the genre include Milda Mažylaitė and the folk ensemble *Lituanica*, who have contributed to its revival and global recognition.

Neliuva continues to be an important part of Lithuanian cultural identity, often performed at festivals, folk gatherings, and national celebrations. Its enduring appeal lies in its ability to convey universal emotions through the distinct lens of Lithuanian folklore, making it both a historical artifact and a living tradition.