nedsettning
Nedsettning refers to the lowering of a surface or structure due to deformation or compaction of the underlying soil or rock, or due to removal of fluids such as groundwater. In geotechnical and civil engineering, the term covers both uniform settlement of an area and differential settlement where different parts settle at different rates.
Causes include consolidation of saturated soils under new loads, extraction of groundwater or hydrocarbons, drainage changes,
Measurement and monitoring rely on settlement gauges, leveling and surveying, GPS, InSAR, and benchmark networks. Differential
Prevention and mitigation involve proper foundation design such as deep foundations or pile groups, soil improvement
In practice, nedsettning is a critical consideration on sites with soft or compressible soils, reclaimed land,