naturalització

Naturalització refers to the legal process by which a non-citizen of a country can acquire citizenship. This process varies significantly between nations, but it typically involves a period of legal residency, demonstration of good character, knowledge of the country's language and culture, and often an oath of allegiance. The specific requirements and procedures are defined by the immigration laws of each country.

Historically, the concept of naturalization has evolved alongside the development of nation-states and notions of citizenship. Early forms of integration into a political community were often more fluid and less formally defined. Modern naturalization laws emerged as a way to formalize the inclusion of immigrants into the body politic, granting them the same rights and responsibilities as native-born citizens.

Common grounds for eligibility for naturalization include having lived in the country for a certain number of years, being married to a citizen, or having served in the country's military. Applicants are usually required to submit detailed documentation and undergo background checks. The process can also involve passing examinations on civics and language proficiency. Ultimately, naturalization is a deliberate act by a sovereign state to grant membership in its national community.