nattvarden

Nattvarden is the Swedish term for the Christian sacrament of the Holy Supper, commonly known as the Eucharist or Communion. It is practiced in many churches worldwide, but the name is especially associated with the Church of Sweden and other Lutheran traditions in Scandinavia. The word itself derives from the Swedish words “natt,” meaning night, and “varden,” meaning duty or reverence. Historically, Nattvarden has been celebrated since the Protestant Reformation in 1527 when King Gustav Vasa established the royal church service and introduced the communion rite into Swedish worship.

Theologically, Nattvarden represents a remembrance of Jesus Christ’s Last Supper and His sacrifice on the cross. In Lutheran theology, it involves the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the bread and wine, a belief that deeply influences liturgical practice. During the service, the congregation generally gathers as a community, receives a blessing, and partakes of consecrated bread and wine either individually or communally. The distribution of the elements is sometimes open, inviting all present—unless a specific tradition requires a more reserved approach where only those who have been confirmed in the faith may receive the sacrament.

Practically, the rite is often incorporated into Sunday worship but can also open on other significant days such as Good Friday, Easter Sunday, or church anniversaries. In many Swedish churches, Nattvarden follows a sermon, a period of silent prayer, and an anointing by the priest. While the core structure remains consistent, variations exist in the use of music, readings, and whether the communion is celebrated with a closed host or in an open format. The rite continues to be central to Lutheran worship and is an enduring symbol of communal faith in Swedish Christian practice.