nappy

A nappy is a garment worn by infants and toddlers to absorb urine and feces. In British English, the term nappies is common, while in American English the term diaper is used. They come in disposable and reusable cloth varieties.

Disposable nappies consist of an absorbent core made of cellulose and a superabsorbent polymer, a top sheet, a back sheet, and a moisture barrier. They are usually held in place with adhesive tapes, hook-and-loop fasteners, or side snaps. Cloth nappies are typically made of cotton, bamboo, hemp, or microfiber and may be fastened with pins, Velcro, or snaps and require an external waterproof cover.

Fit varies by weight and age; a proper fit minimizes leaks and diaper rash. Frequent changes and gentle cleansing are important. Nappy rash can result from moisture, friction, or irritants, and barrier creams or leaving the area to air-dry are common remedies.

History and design have evolved over time. Cloth nappies were widely used before the mid-20th century, with disposable nappies becoming popular from the 1950s onward. Modern designs often include leak guards, stay-dry linings, and wetness indicators.

Environmental and disposal considerations are often discussed. Disposable nappies generate substantial solid waste and energy use in production and transport, while cloth nappies require washing and drying. Hybrid systems and biodegradable disposables offer alternative approaches, and local guidelines may influence best practices.

Global usage and terminology vary by region. Nappies are widely used around the world; terminology differs by country, and disposal and safety guidelines can differ accordingly.