nadtlenowy

Nadtlenowy is an adjective used in Polish chemistry to describe compounds that contain the peroxide functional group, typically the O–O bond, or properties derived from peroxides. The corresponding noun nadtlenek denotes a peroxide; for example, nadtlenek wodoru refers to hydrogen peroxide. The term is applied to families such as organic peroxides and inorganic peroxides, and to reagents that generate or utilize peroxidic reactivity.

In chemical terminology, nadtlenkowy compounds are valued for their strong oxidizing power and ability to form radicals. Organic peroxides often serve as radical initiators in polymerization and various organic syntheses. Inorganic peroxides, such as sodium or potassium peroxides, function as oxidizers and oxygen sources in laboratory and industrial processes. The peroxide linkage is typically less stable than adjacent single bonds, making many nadtlenkowe substances reactive and sometimes hazardous.

Safety and handling are important considerations. Peroxides can decompose exothermically, sometimes violently, producing heat, oxygen, and radical species. Concentrated solutions and solid peroxides may pose fire or explosion risks, especially when heated, crushed, or in contact with fuels and reducing agents. Storage guidelines emphasize cool, dark, well-ventilated locations, away from organic materials and metal powders, with proper containment and venting.

Applications of nadtlenowy compounds span disinfection, bleaching, and polymer chemistry, where decomposition products or radicals drive desired reactions. The term remains primarily a descriptive label in Polish chemical nomenclature for substances related to the peroxide group.