métastase

Métastase is a medical term referring to the spread of cancer cells from the primary site of origin to other parts of the body. This process occurs when cancer cells detach from the original tumor, enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and travel to distant organs. Once in a new location, these cells can establish new tumors, known as secondary or metastatic tumors.

The development of metastases is a hallmark of advanced cancer and significantly impacts prognosis. The most common sites for metastasis vary depending on the primary cancer type. For example, breast cancer often metastasizes to the bones, lungs, liver, and brain. Lung cancer can spread to the brain, bones, liver, and adrenal glands.

Detecting and treating metastases is a crucial aspect of cancer management. Diagnostic tools such as imaging scans (CT, MRI, PET) and biopsies are used to identify the presence and location of metastatic disease. Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific cancer type, the extent of metastasis, and the patient's overall health. These can include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and surgery, often aimed at controlling tumor growth, alleviating symptoms, and improving quality of life.