mutantp53

Mutant p53 refers to alterations in the TP53 gene, which encodes the p53 tumor suppressor protein. This protein plays a crucial role in preventing cancer by regulating cell growth, DNA repair, and apoptosis (programmed cell death). When TP53 is mutated, the p53 protein can lose its normal function or even gain new oncogenic properties. These mutant p53 proteins are found in a significant percentage of human cancers, often correlating with more aggressive disease and poorer patient outcomes.

There are different types of TP53 mutations, broadly categorized as loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations. Loss-of-function mutations render the p53 protein unable to perform its tumor-suppressive tasks, allowing damaged cells to proliferate. Gain-of-function mutations result in a mutant p53 protein that not only fails to suppress tumors but actively promotes cancer progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. This gain-of-function aspect makes mutant p53 a particularly challenging target in cancer treatment.

The presence of mutant p53 can influence the cellular microenvironment, promoting inflammation and angiogenesis, further aiding tumor growth. Therapeutic strategies are being developed to target mutant p53, aiming to restore its wild-type function, eliminate mutant protein, or exploit its oncogenic properties. Understanding the diverse roles of mutant p53 is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.