mindaltering

Mind-altering refers to substances or states that significantly change perception, mood, cognition, or consciousness. It encompasses natural and synthetic psychoactive compounds as well as certain altered states produced by meditation, sensory deprivation, or intense experiences. The term is often used to describe drugs that affect the central nervous system and produce noticeable changes in thinking, feeling, or sensory processing.

Psychoactive drugs are commonly categorized by their primary effects: psychedelics (eg, LSD, psilocybin, DMT) that alter perception and thought; dissociatives (eg, ketamine, PCP, nitrous oxide) that disrupt the sense of self and bodily integration; stimulants (eg, amphetamine, cocaine) that increase arousal and focus; depressants (eg, alcohol, benzodiazepines) that dampen alertness and coordination; and opioids (eg, morphine, heroin) that modify pain and mood. Other agents include entactogens (eg, MDMA), which enhance sociability and emotion, and deliriants (eg, certain anticholinergics) that can cause confusion and disorientation.

Mechanisms vary by substance but commonly involve neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, and GABA. Effects range from perceptual changes and altered sense of time to mood elevation or sedation, with potential lasting changes in mood, cognition, or neural plasticity after certain experiences. Therapeutic research is exploring whether some mind-altering agents can aid conditions like depression, PTSD, or anxiety when used under professional supervision and controlled settings.

Risks include acute psychological distress, accidents, and, with some substances, dependence or adverse physical effects. Legal status and medical supervision vary widely by jurisdiction and substance.