miliksubyek

Miliksubyek is a term used in Indonesian-language discussions of civil law to describe ownership rights that reside in a legal subject over a thing. The word milik means “belonging to” or “owned by,” while subjek refers to a legal subject—an individual or a corporate body—that has the capacity to hold property under civil law. In this sense, miliksubyek emphasizes that the ownership right attaches to a subject rather than to the object alone.

In legal practice, miliksubyek is often associated with the concept of hak milik, a comprehensive proprietary right that enables the owner to use, enjoy, dispose of, and guarantee the thing, within the limits set by law. The notion of miliksubyek helps distinguish between the rights of the owner (the subject who holds the right) and other forms of possession or use, which may be held by another person without full ownership.

Acquisition and transfer of miliksubyek typically occur through customary channels such as sale, gift, inheritance, or legal acts recognized by the civil code. The ownership can be transferred, inherited, or encumbered by rights such as mortgages or liens, subject to statutory restrictions and the rights of third parties.

Limitations on miliksubyek arise from public policy, environmental regulations, zoning, and other legal regimes that balance private ownership with public interest and the rights of others. The term is commonly used in legal scholarship and contract drafting to discuss who holds the owner’s rights and how those rights are exercised or transferred.

See also: subjek hukum, hak milik, benda, peralihan hak.