mikrozytäre

Mikrozytäre is a hematology term describing red blood cells that are smaller than normal, a condition known as microcytosis. The term is used in some languages to refer to the presence of microcytes on a peripheral blood smear or in a CBC report. Microcytosis is quantified by a reduced mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and is often accompanied by hypochromia, meaning the cells look paler due to decreased hemoglobin content.

Common causes of mikrozytäre include iron deficiency anemia and the various forms of thalassemia. Other etiologies are sideroblastic anemia, chronic inflammatory or hepatic diseases, lead poisoning, and certain inherited disorders. Microcytosis can also be seen in pregnancy or after significant blood loss, but the underlying cause typically guides management rather than the finding itself.

Diagnosis involves a complete blood count with RBC indices, followed by targeted laboratory testing to identify the cause. Iron studies (ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation, total iron-binding capacity) help assess iron deficiency. Hemoglobin electrophoresis or molecular testing may be used to evaluate thalassemias. Reticulocyte count and blood smear examination support the assessment, with microcytes often accompanied by increased central pallor.

Clinical significance lies in the cause of the microcytosis. Mikrozytäre is a descriptive finding rather than a disease, prompting investigation into iron status, hemoglobinopathies, and other conditions. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying condition, after which red cell indices may normalize.