mikrotubulabundna

Mikrotubulabundna is a term used in some Slavic-language contexts to denote a microtubule bundle, a coherent group of microtubules that remain closely associated within a cell and often function as a single structural or functional unit.

Microtubule bundles are composed of tubulin dimers that polymerize into hollow cylinders. In cells they are organized and stabilized by crosslinking proteins and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), which help maintain bundle integrity while allowing controlled dynamics. Bundles provide mechanical support for cell shape and serve as tracks for intracellular transport, enabling motor proteins such as kinesin and dynein to move cargo along defined routes.

Where they occur, mikrotubulabundna can have specialized roles. In neurons, long microtubule bundles in axons and dendrites enable directional transport of organelles and synaptic vesicles. In dividing cells, bundled microtubules form part of the mitotic spindle that segregates chromosomes during cell division. In cilia and flagella, highly organized microtubule bundles create axonemal structures essential for motility. Plant cells also use microtubule bundles to organize cellulose deposition and maintain cell polarity.

Formation and regulation of mikrotubulabundna involve a range of proteins, including MAPs such as Tau, MAP2 and MAP4, as well as crosslinkers and motor-associated factors. Disruption of bundling can affect cell stability and transport, and in some tissues is linked to disease, notably tauopathies in the nervous system.

See also: microtubule, cytoskeleton, microtubule-associated proteins, axonal transport, spindle apparatus.