mikrométerben

Micrometer, symbol μm (also micrometre), is a unit of length in the metric system equal to one millionth of a metre (10^-6 m). The micro- prefix denotes a factor of 10^-6, and the SI unit is commonly used to express measurements on the micrometer scale. In everyday practice, μm is the standard unit for describing very small objects and thin films, bridging the gap between millimeters and nanometers.

The micrometer is widely used across science and engineering. Sizes of cells and microorganisms are often given in micrometers: a typical bacterium is about 0.5–5 μm long, while a human hair averages tens of micrometres in diameter. Wavelengths in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum are commonly described in micrometres (for example, around 2–25 μm). In manufacturing and technology, micrometers are used to specify tolerances, thicknesses, and feature sizes in microfabrication and MEMS (microelectromechanical systems).

Notationally, μm is the standard symbol, with “µ” representing the Greek letter mu. In plain text, “um” is often used as an ASCII substitute, though the official symbol is μm. Measurements at this scale may be obtained with optical microscopes for larger micrometre-scale features, or with electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy for higher resolution. Interferometry and other metrology techniques are also employed to measure micrometer-scale dimensions precisely.

In summary, mikrometern (micrometers) provide a practical unit for describing small dimensions in natural and engineered systems, sitting between the familiar millimeter and nanometer scales.