mikrobolometreid

Mikrobolometreid are a type of uncooled thermal detector that converts infrared radiation into an electrical signal. They are composed of a grid of tiny sensing elements, each with a specific electrical resistance that changes with temperature. When infrared radiation strikes a microbolometer element, it absorbs the energy and heats up. This change in temperature alters the element's resistance. This resistance change is then measured and processed to create an image. Unlike cooled bolometers, microbolometers do not require cryogenic cooling, making them significantly more compact, less expensive, and easier to deploy.

The construction of a microbolometer typically involves a semiconductor material, such as amorphous silicon or vanadium oxide, deposited on a substrate. This material forms a resistance temperature detector (RTD). The microbolometer array is often fabricated using standard semiconductor manufacturing techniques. When infrared photons are absorbed, they cause a temperature rise in the sensing element, leading to a corresponding change in resistance. This change is detected by readout electronics integrated with the array.

Microbolometers find widespread applications in various fields. They are commonly used in thermal imaging cameras for surveillance, security, and industrial inspection. In medicine, they are employed for non-invasive temperature monitoring and diagnosis. Automotive applications include night vision systems and pedestrian detection. Their uncooled nature and relatively low cost have made them a popular choice for a wide range of infrared sensing needs.