microagglomerated

Microagglomerated describes powders or particulate materials that consist of micrometer-scale agglomerates, which are clusters formed when primary particles bind together through mechanical interlocking, van der Waals forces, capillary bonds, or added binders. The microagglomerates typically range from about 1 to 100 micrometers in diameter, though definitions vary by field. The term contrasts with macro- or granulated forms, which are larger clusters created by granulation processes.

Formation occurs during milling, drying, spray drying, granulation, or fluid-bed processing, where particle surfaces promote adhesion or cohesion. Agglomeration can be intentional, as in manufacturing granules to improve flow and handling, or incidental, arising from processing conditions such as high humidity or static charges. Microagglomeration can affect physical properties including bulk density, flowability, compressibility, and packing behavior, and it can influence dissolution or reaction rates in suspensions and powders.

Characterization methods include laser diffraction for size distribution, microscopy for microstructure, and tests for flow, shear, and compressive strength of pressed tablets or pellets.

Applications span pharmaceuticals (oral powders and granulates), ceramics and catalysts (carrier powders), and food products (instant powders) where controlled particle behavior and handling are important. In some contexts, microagglomeration can be undesirable, leading to inconsistent dosing, segregation, or altered release profiles; in others, it is exploited to improve processing.

Control of microagglomeration relies on formulation and process parameters: choice of binder type and amount, drying rate, milling conditions, and equipment settings; surfactants or anti-caking agents may be used to tailor agglomerate strength and disintegration.