metotreksatti

Metotrexate, also known by its brand name Trexall, is a medication primarily used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and certain types of cancer. It belongs to the class of drugs known as antifolates, which interfere with the body's production of folic acid, an essential nutrient for cell growth and division. By inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, metotrexate prevents the synthesis of nucleic acids, leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation and ultimately cell death in rapidly dividing cells.

Metotrexate is available in various forms, including tablets, injections, and intravenous infusions. It is typically administered orally or by injection, and the dosage and frequency of administration depend on the specific condition being treated and the patient's response to the medication. The drug is usually prescribed in combination with other medications to maximize its effectiveness.

Common side effects of metotrexate include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. More serious side effects can occur, such as liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression, and an increased risk of infections. Regular monitoring of liver function and blood cell counts is essential to manage these potential side effects.

Metotrexate is generally well-tolerated, but its use is associated with certain risks, including an increased risk of cancer, particularly lymphoma, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, it is crucial to weigh the benefits and risks of the medication with a healthcare provider before starting treatment.

Metotrexate has been in clinical use since the 1940s and has been extensively studied for its therapeutic effects. Its mechanism of action and clinical efficacy have been well-documented, making it a valuable tool in the management of various medical conditions. However, like any medication, metotrexate should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional to ensure optimal outcomes and minimize potential risks.