mesoteliomaan

Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that affects the mesothelium, a protective lining that covers many of the body's internal organs. This lining, called the mesothelium, is found around the lungs (pleura), abdomen (peritoneum), heart (pericardium), and testes (tunica vaginalis). The most common form of mesothelioma affects the pleura, known as pleural mesothelioma.

The primary cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos. Asbestos fibers, when inhaled or ingested, can become lodged in the mesothelium and cause chronic inflammation, leading to genetic mutations and the development of cancer over a long latency period, often decades after exposure. Other potential, though less common, causes are being investigated, including exposure to certain other mineral fibers and the simian virus 40 (SV40).

Symptoms of mesothelioma vary depending on the location of the cancer. Pleural mesothelioma can cause chest pain, a persistent cough, shortness of breath, unexplained weight loss, and fatigue. Peritoneal mesothelioma may present with abdominal pain, swelling, nausea, vomiting, and changes in bowel habits. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like CT scans and MRIs, followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of malignant mesothelioma cells.

Treatment options for mesothelioma are limited due to its aggressive nature and late diagnosis. They may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, often used in combination. Clinical trials are also an important avenue for patients seeking new treatment approaches. Unfortunately, the prognosis for mesothelioma is generally poor, but treatment can sometimes help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.