meniskit

Meniskit, also known as meniscitis in some contexts, is inflammation or irritation of the knee's menisci—the two crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous discs located between the femur and tibia. The medial and lateral menisci cushion the joint, aid load distribution, reduce friction, and contribute to stability.

Causes include acute trauma, particularly twisting or pivoting injuries common in sports; degenerative changes associated with aging; and repetitive stress. Infections and systemic inflammatory diseases can involve the knee but are not typical presentations of isolated meniscal inflammation.

Symptoms commonly include knee pain along the joint line, swelling, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. Patients may also experience mechanical symptoms such as locking, catching, or a sensation of the knee giving way.

Diagnosis relies on history and physical examination findings, including joint-line tenderness and specific maneuvers; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a standard noninvasive method to visualize meniscal tears or inflammation. X-rays help exclude bone injury and assess for arthritis. In some cases diagnostic arthroscopy is used.

Treatment usually begins with conservative measures: rest, ice, compression, elevation, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; physical therapy to restore strength and flexibility. If symptoms persist or a tear is significant, surgical options include meniscal repair or partial meniscectomy to remove damaged tissue. In selected younger patients with extensive damage, meniscal transplantation may be considered.

Prognosis varies with tear type, age, and treatment. Many tears heal or improve with conservative care or repair, while degenerative or complex tears carry a higher risk of ongoing symptoms and, over time, osteoarthritis, particularly after meniscal tissue removal.