melatónín

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain. Its primary role is to regulate the body's circadian rhythms, which are the natural sleep-wake cycles. Melatonin production is influenced by light exposure; it increases in darkness and decreases in light. This hormonal signal helps the body prepare for sleep.

In humans, melatonin levels typically begin to rise in the evening, peaking in the middle of the night, and declining before waking. This natural process is often referred to as the body's "sleep hormone." Beyond sleep regulation, melatonin also possesses antioxidant properties and may play a role in immune function and other physiological processes.

Melatonin is available as a dietary supplement and is commonly used to address sleep-related issues, such as insomnia, jet lag, and shift work sleep disorder. It is also being researched for its potential therapeutic benefits in various medical conditions. However, the efficacy and long-term effects of melatonin supplementation are subjects of ongoing scientific investigation. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting melatonin supplementation, especially for children or individuals with pre-existing health conditions.