meglitinider

Meglitinides are a class of oral antidiabetic drugs used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. They work by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin. This action is glucose-dependent, meaning they primarily increase insulin secretion when blood glucose levels are high, and have a lesser effect when glucose levels are normal. This mechanism helps to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia, a common side effect associated with some other diabetes medications.

The drugs in this class are characterized by their rapid onset and short duration of action. They are typically taken shortly before meals, usually within 30 minutes, to help control postprandial (after-meal) blood glucose spikes. Common examples of meglitinides include repaglinide and nateglinide. They are often prescribed as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents, such as metformin, to achieve better glycemic control.

Side effects can include hypoglycemia, especially if meals are skipped or delayed, and weight gain. Other less common side effects may involve gastrointestinal disturbances. Meglitinides are metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. They are generally well-tolerated but require careful monitoring of blood glucose levels by patients and healthcare providers. Their use is contraindicated in individuals with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.