manipulowana

Manipulowana is the feminine singular past passive participle of the Polish verb manipulować, meaning to manipulate. In usage, it functions as an adjective describing a female subject or object that has been subjected to manipulation. It can appear in predicative constructions with forms of być (is/was manipulated) or as a qualifier before a noun, for example: "została manipulowana" (she was manipulated) or " manipulowana narracja" (manipulated narrative).

Morphology and usage notes: since Polish adjectives agree with gender and number, the feminine form manipulowana accompanies feminine singular nouns. The corresponding masculine form is manipulowany, the neuter manipulowane, and the plural forms are manipulowani (masculine), manipulowane (neuter), with feminine plural manipulowane. The term is widely used in everyday language as well as in academic and media contexts to describe people who have been influenced, deceived, or controlled by others, as in interpersonal relationships, political discourse, or organizational settings. It can also describe information or data that has been altered or presented in a biased way, as in manipulated data or manipulated information.

Etymology and related terms: manipulowana derives from the verb manipulować, which is a loanword in Polish, commonly traced to the French word manipuler. Related terms include manipulacja (manipulation), manipulacyjny (manipulative), and the noun form manipulacja used to discuss acts of manipulation.

See also: manipulation, manipulation in psychology, media manipulation, gaslighting, persuasive communication.