malabsorpsjón

Malabsorption refers to a group of disorders where the small intestine is unable to absorb adequate amounts of nutrients from ingested food. This can lead to a variety of symptoms due to deficiencies in one or more essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. The underlying causes of malabsorption are diverse and can include damage to the intestinal lining, insufficient production of digestive enzymes, or disruptions in bile salt circulation.

Common symptoms associated with malabsorption can include diarrhea, steatorrhea (fatty stools), abdominal pain, bloating, weight loss, and fatigue. Nutritional deficiencies can manifest as anemia, bone problems, or neurological issues depending on the specific nutrients affected.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various laboratory tests. These may include blood tests to check for nutrient deficiencies and markers of inflammation, stool tests to evaluate fat absorption and identify pathogens, and imaging studies or biopsies of the small intestine to assess its structure and function.

Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific cause of malabsorption. This often involves dietary modifications, such as avoiding certain foods or supplementing with specific nutrients. In cases of enzyme deficiency, enzyme replacement therapy may be prescribed. For conditions like celiac disease, strict adherence to a gluten-free diet is crucial. Addressing underlying medical conditions contributing to malabsorption is also a key aspect of management.