maksatulehdusta

Maksatulehdusta, or hepatitis, refers to inflammation of the liver. This inflammation can impair liver function and, in severe cases, lead to liver damage or failure. Hepatitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, autoimmune diseases, exposure to toxins and certain medications, and excessive alcohol consumption.

Viral hepatitis is the most common cause, with several types recognized, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A and E are typically acute infections spread through contaminated food or water. Hepatitis B, C, and D are often chronic, transmitted through blood and bodily fluids, and can lead to long-term liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Autoimmune hepatitis occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks liver cells.

Symptoms of hepatitis can vary widely depending on the cause and severity. They may include fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Some individuals may experience no symptoms, especially in the early stages of chronic hepatitis.

Diagnosis of hepatitis typically involves blood tests to detect viral markers, liver enzymes, and antibodies. Imaging studies like ultrasound or CT scans may also be used. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Viral hepatitis may be managed with antiviral medications or supportive care. Autoimmune hepatitis is often treated with immunosuppressants. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding alcohol and certain medications, are crucial for managing liver health. Early detection and appropriate management are vital to prevent complications and improve outcomes.