låstifferential

A låst differential, or locking differential, is a type of limited-slip differential used in vehicles. Its primary function is to ensure that when one wheel loses traction, both wheels on the same axle continue to receive torque. In a standard open differential, if one wheel spins freely, almost all of the engine's power will be sent to that spinning wheel, leaving the other wheel with little to no power and thus no forward momentum.

A locking differential mechanically locks the two axle shafts together when needed. This forces both wheels to rotate at the same speed, regardless of their individual traction. This is particularly beneficial in off-road driving, on slippery surfaces like snow or ice, or when one wheel is lifted off the ground.

There are several types of locking differentials. Some are selectable, meaning the driver can engage or disengage the lock manually, often via a button or lever. Others are automatic, engaging the lock when a significant speed difference between the wheels is detected. Automatic lockers can sometimes cause undesirable handling characteristics during normal on-road driving, such as causing the vehicle to understeer or oversteer in corners. Selectable lockers offer more control and are generally preferred for vehicles that see both on-road and off-road use.

The concept of a locking differential is to overcome the limitations of an open differential by providing equal power to both wheels under adverse traction conditions, thereby improving vehicle mobility and control.