luciddream

Lucid dreaming, or a lucid dream, is a sleep state in which the dreamer becomes aware they are dreaming while the dream is underway. In lucid dreams the dreamer may be able to influence the dream’s setting, actions, and storyline, though control ranges from partial to substantial.

The term was popularized by Frederik van Eeden in 1913, who described individuals who recognize they are dreaming and sometimes manipulate dream events. Since then, researchers have explored how lucidity arises, its frequency, and its potential uses.

Lucid dreams commonly arise in two forms: dream-initiated lucid dreams (DILD), in which lucidity emerges within an ongoing dream, and wake-initiated lucid dreams (WILD), which begin directly from wakefulness while maintaining awareness.

Lucid dreams are often vivid and longer than ordinary dreams and may include enhanced sensory detail and a sense of control. They can be accompanied by sleep phenomena such as sleep paralysis on awakening, though these experiences are not universal.

Common induction techniques include reality checks (for example, repeatedly asking whether one is dreaming), mnemonic induction of lucid dreams (MILD), and wake-back-to-bed (WBTB) routines. Dream journaling and regular sleep schedules support longer, more frequent lucid dreams.

Scientific studies using EEG and neuroimaging indicate that lucid dreaming involves increased activity in frontoparietal networks, and sometimes elevated gamma-band activity, compared with non-lucid REM. Potential applications include nightmare reduction, rehearsal of skills, and creative problem solving.

Lucid dreaming is generally considered safe for healthy individuals. Some people experience sleep disruption or anxiety when practicing induction techniques; those with sleep disorders should consult a clinician.