losartanhydrochlorothiazide

Losartan hydrochlorothiazide is a combination medication used primarily to treat hypertension. It contains 50 mg of losartan, an angiotensin‑II receptor blocker (ARB), and 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide‑type diuretic. By simultaneously inhibiting the renin‑angiotensin‑aldosterone system and promoting sodium excretion, the drug provides dual blood‑pressure‑lowering effects that are often more effective than either agent alone.

The combination is indicated for essential hypertension and is also used in the management of congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease when blood pressure control remains inadequate with monotherapy. Clinical trials have shown that losartan/hydrochlorothiazide reduces systolic and diastolic pressure, improves cardiovascular outcomes, and is generally well tolerated. It may be used as a first‑line agent for patients who require dual therapy or as an add‑on when single‑agent therapy fails.

Common adverse effects include dizziness, electrolyte disturbances such as hypokalemia and hyponatremia, and, less frequently, rash or acute kidney injury. Because hydrochlorothiazide can increase uric acid levels, patients with gout may experience flares. Losartan increases potassium and should be avoided in patients with hyperkalemia or severe renal impairment. The medication should not be used during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters, and caution is advised in patients with liver disease.

Losartan/hydrochlorothiazide was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the late 1990s. It is marketed under several brand names worldwide, including Cozaar Plus, Lozacth, and Veltoc. The drug is available in oral tablet form and is typically prescribed once daily. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, renal function, and serum electrolytes is recommended to ensure safety and efficacy.