lithostratigraphischen

Lithostratigraphie is a branch of stratigraphy that deals with the study of rock sequences and their layering without regard to geologic time. It is based on the principle of lithologic correlation, which states that rock layers of similar lithologic character (composition, texture, structure) are of the same age. Lithostratigraphic units are defined by their lithologic characteristics and are classified into a hierarchy of units, including formations, groups, and supergroups.

Formations are the fundamental lithostratigraphic unit and are defined as a body of rock that is characterized by its lithologic properties and can be distinguished from adjacent rock units above and below. Formations are typically named after a geographic locality where the rock unit is well-exposed. Groups are composed of two or more formations that have lithologic similarity or are related by origin. Supergroups are larger units composed of two or more groups.

Lithostratigraphy is a crucial tool for understanding the geological history of an area, correlating rock units across distances, and identifying potential resources such as oil, gas, and minerals. It is used in various geological disciplines, including petroleum geology, mining, and regional geological mapping. The principles of lithostratigraphy were first developed by N.H. Darton and T.W. Stanton in the early 20th century, and the concept has been further refined and expanded by subsequent geologists.