liittopiirien
Liittopiirien, often translated as "circuit boards" or "circuit assemblies" in English, are fundamental components in modern electronics. They serve as the backbone for mounting and electrically connecting electronic components. A liittopiiri typically consists of a non-conductive substrate, most commonly fiberglass or a similar composite material, upon which conductive pathways, called traces, are etched. These traces are usually made of copper. Components such as resistors, capacitors, integrated circuits, and connectors are then attached to the board, often soldered to the traces to establish electrical connections.
The design and manufacturing of liittopiirien are complex processes. They can range from simple single-sided boards
Liittopiirien are ubiquitous in virtually all electronic devices, from household appliances and personal computers to sophisticated