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Laryngoscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the larynx, commonly known as the voice box. This examination allows doctors to visualize the vocal cords and surrounding structures of the throat. There are several types of laryngoscopy, broadly categorized into direct and indirect methods.

Indirect laryngoscopy is a less invasive technique that typically uses a mirror positioned at the back of the throat and a light source to reflect light onto the larynx. This allows the examiner to see an image of the vocal cords.

Direct laryngoscopy involves the use of a specialized instrument called a laryngoscope, which is a tube-like device with a light source and sometimes a camera. This instrument is inserted into the throat, either through the mouth or nose, to provide a direct view of the larynx. This method can be performed in an office setting or as part of a surgical procedure.

Laryngoscopy is performed for various reasons, including diagnosing voice disorders, persistent cough, difficulty swallowing, and breathing problems. It is also used to detect infections, inflammation, tumors, or other abnormalities of the larynx. In some cases, biopsies can be taken during direct laryngoscopy for further examination. The procedure is generally safe, though potential risks include temporary discomfort, sore throat, or minor bleeding.