laparotomiaan

Laparotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision through the abdominal wall to access the abdominal cavity. This allows surgeons to examine and operate on internal organs, such as the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and reproductive organs. The incision can be made in various locations depending on the specific surgical need. Common types of laparotomy incisions include the midline incision, paramedian incision, and subcostal (Kocher) incision.

The primary purpose of a laparotomy is diagnostic or therapeutic. It may be performed to investigate unexplained abdominal pain, diagnose conditions like appendicitis, bowel obstruction, or hernias, or to remove tumors, repair damaged organs, or perform procedures like hysterectomy or colectomy. In emergency situations, such as trauma or a ruptured organ, a laparotomy might be necessary to control bleeding or address life-threatening conditions.

After the procedure, patients typically experience pain at the incision site and may have restricted mobility for a period. Recovery time varies depending on the extent of the surgery and the individual's health. Postoperative care often includes pain management, wound care, and gradual return to normal activities. Laparotomy is a major surgical intervention, and like all surgeries, it carries potential risks, including infection, bleeding, blood clots, and complications related to anesthesia.