lambdacyhalothrin

Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used to control a broad range of pests in crops, ornamentals, and some residential settings. It is the lambda isomer of cyhalothrin and is marketed in several formulations, including emulsifiable concentrates, wettable powders, granules, and ready-to-use products.

It acts on voltage-gated sodium channels in insect nerve cells, delaying repolarization and causing paralysis and death. Because insects are more susceptible than mammals, lambda-cyhalothrin has relatively low acute toxicity to humans when used according to label directions, but it can cause irritation and, in rare cases, systemic effects after high exposure.

It provides contact and stomach action against pests such as caterpillars, beetles, aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and some mites. Applications span cereals, fruits, vegetables, cotton, and ornamental plants; it is also used in some public health and household pest-control products where permitted.

Environmental concerns include toxicity to aquatic invertebrates and fish, and potential risks to pollinators if applications occur during flowering. It is moderately persistent in the environment; photolysis and biodegradation reduce residues over time, but some can persist on plant surfaces. Users are advised to follow label directions, avoid drift, and wear protective equipment.

Regulatory status varies by country. In the United States, lambda-cyhalothrin is registered with the EPA for agricultural and some noncrop uses; in the European Union and other jurisdictions, approvals are subject to ongoing review and restrictions, with maximum residue limits set for various crops.