laikismos

Laikismos is a term primarily used in Turkey to describe a form of secularism, often characterized by its strong emphasis on the separation of religion from state affairs and public life. The concept draws its roots from the reforms initiated by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in the early 20th century, which aimed to modernize Turkey by establishing a secular republic. Laiklik, the Turkish word for secularism, was a cornerstone of these reforms, seeking to dismantle the influence of religious institutions in governance and education.

While often translated as secularism, laikismos can encompass a more assertive approach to secularization than is sometimes seen in Western contexts. It has historically involved the abolition of the Caliphate, the closure of religious courts, and the adoption of a civil code based on European models. The state has played an active role in regulating religious practices and institutions to ensure they do not interfere with the secular order.

The interpretation and application of laikismos have evolved over time and remain a subject of debate within Turkey. Different political and social groups hold varying views on the appropriate balance between secularism, religious freedom, and the role of religion in society. Some advocate for a stricter interpretation, while others argue for a more inclusive approach that accommodates religious expression within a secular framework. The ongoing discussion reflects the complex relationship between religion and state in modern Turkey.