kõhrkudes

Kõhrkudes is the Estonian term for cartilage tissue. It is a flexible yet strong connective tissue found throughout the body, playing a crucial role in various structures and functions. Cartilage is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes, which are embedded within an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and proteoglycans. This matrix gives cartilage its resilience and ability to withstand pressure.

There are three main types of cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most common and is found in the joints, nose, ears, and trachea. It provides smooth surfaces for joints and structural support. Elastic cartilage, found in the external ear and epiglottis, contains elastic fibers, making it highly flexible and able to return to its original shape after stretching. Fibrocartilage, the strongest type, is located in areas subjected to significant stress, such as the intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee. It acts as a shock absorber and provides tensile strength.

Unlike bone, cartilage lacks blood vessels and nerves, which means it heals very slowly. This avascular nature contributes to its durability but also makes it vulnerable to injury and degeneration. Conditions like osteoarthritis involve the breakdown of cartilage in the joints. Due to its unique properties and widespread distribution, kõhrkudes is essential for movement, support, and the overall integrity of the skeletal system.