károsodó

Károsodó is a Hungarian present participle form derived from the verb károsodni, meaning to become damaged or to deteriorate. In linguistic terms, károsodó functions as an adjective or attributive modifier that describes something undergoing damage, deterioration, or impairment. It is distinct from károsító, which is the present participle of károsítani and denotes an agent that causes damage (damaging).

Usage and meaning

Károsodó describes states or processes where the subject experiences harm or decline. It is commonly used in technical, medical, and scientific contexts, as well as in everyday language to convey gradual impairment. The term can pair with nouns such as látás, idegrendszer, közeg, or any object susceptible to damage. For example, károsodó látás refers to deteriorating vision, while károsodó idegrendszer indicates an nervous system undergoing damage.

Relation to related forms

The related noun károsodás designates damage or deterioration as a concept. The past participle károsodott means damaged or harmed in a completed state. In contrast, károsító is the present participle of károsítani and describes something that causes damage (damaging agent). These forms help distinguish the process of becoming damaged from the agent that causes damage.

Etymology and register

Károsodó derives from károsodni, with the suffix -ó marking the present participle. The term is neutral in tone and widely understood in standard Hungarian, especially in professional or descriptive writing where processes of damage or deterioration are discussed.