kustutusvahendite

Kustutusvahendid, meaning extinguishing agents in Estonian, refers to the substances and methods used to put out fires. The effectiveness of a particular extinguishing agent depends on the type of fire. Different classes of fire, ranging from Class A (ordinary combustibles like wood and paper) to Class D (combustible metals), require specific agents to suppress the combustion process.

Common extinguishing agents include water, which cools the fuel below its ignition temperature. Foam is another widely used agent, particularly for liquid fires (Class B), as it forms a blanket that smothers the flames by separating the fuel from oxygen. Dry chemical powders, such as those based on monoammonium phosphate or sodium bicarbonate, are versatile and can be used on multiple fire classes by interrupting the chemical reaction of combustion. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a non-conductive agent that displaces oxygen, making it suitable for electrical fires (Class C) and flammable liquids. Wet chemical extinguishers, typically containing a potassium acetate-based solution, are specifically designed for kitchen fires involving cooking oils and fats (Class K).

The choice of extinguishing agent is crucial for safety and effectiveness. Using the wrong agent can exacerbate the fire or create additional hazards. For instance, water should not be used on electrical fires due to the risk of electrocution, nor on grease fires as it can spread the burning oil. Fire extinguishers are rated for specific fire classes, and understanding these ratings is essential for proper fire safety. Maintenance and regular inspection of extinguishing equipment are also vital to ensure they function correctly when needed.