kristallresonator

A kristallresonator, or crystal oscillator, is an electronic oscillator that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal to create an electrical signal with a precise frequency. The most common type of crystal used is quartz, due to its piezoelectric properties and stability. When an electric voltage is applied across a quartz crystal, it deforms. Conversely, when the crystal is deformed, it generates an electric voltage. This piezoelectric effect allows the crystal to vibrate at a very specific frequency when placed in an electronic circuit designed to amplify and sustain these vibrations.

The frequency of oscillation is determined by the size, shape, and cut of the crystal. These crystals are manufactured to very tight tolerances, resulting in highly accurate and stable frequencies. This stability makes them ideal for applications where precise timing is crucial. Crystal oscillators are fundamental components in a wide range of electronic devices, including quartz watches, computers, radios, televisions, and telecommunication systems. Their reliability and low cost have made them ubiquitous in modern electronics. Different types of crystal oscillators exist, varying in their circuit design and intended application, such as temperature-compensated crystal oscillators (TCXO) or oven-controlled crystal oscillators (OCXO) for enhanced stability under varying environmental conditions.