kretsdiagram

Kretsdiagram, or circuit diagram, is a schematic representation of an electrical, electronic, or logical circuit. It uses standardized symbols for components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, switches, power sources, and grounds, connected by lines that denote conductors. The diagram expresses the functional interconnections and signal paths, not the physical layout. Its primary purpose is to support design, analysis, debugging, and documentation.

Symbols are standardized to enable universal interpretation. International standards include IEC 60617 (and DIN/EN variants) for electrical schematic symbols; for digital logic, logic-gate symbols and timing elements are used. A kretsdiagram typically includes values and identifiers (R1, C2, Q1), supply rails (Vcc, GND), and measurement points. It may indicate currents and voltages and sometimes reference directions.

There are several types: schematic diagrams focus on function and connections; wiring diagrams emphasize the physical arrangement of wires and components; block diagrams abstract the circuit into functional blocks. In control systems, ladder diagrams are used; in power systems, one-line diagrams are common.

Creation and use: schematics are drawn by hand or with CAD tools, and can be converted into netlists for circuit simulation (e.g., SPICE). Kretsdiagram are essential in education, product development, repair, and maintenance, providing a precise, machine-readable record of a circuit. The term kretsdiagram is commonly used in Swedish and Norwegian contexts to denote these diagrams, while “circuit diagram” or “schematic” are used in English.