koronáris

The term "koronáris" is derived from the Latin word "coronarius," meaning relating to a crown. In a medical context, it most commonly refers to the coronary arteries, which are blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself. These arteries originate from the aorta, the main artery leaving the left ventricle of the heart, and branch out to nourish the myocardium.

Disorders affecting the coronary arteries are collectively known as coronary artery disease (CAD). The most prevalent issue within CAD is atherosclerosis, a process where plaque builds up inside the arteries, narrowing them and restricting blood flow. This reduced blood flow can lead to angina, a type of chest pain. If the plaque ruptures or a blood clot forms, it can completely block a coronary artery, causing a myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack.

Factors that increase the risk of developing coronary artery disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a family history of heart disease. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation are crucial for prevention and management. Medical interventions may include medications to lower blood pressure or cholesterol, angioplasty with stenting to open blocked arteries, or coronary artery bypass surgery.