korkeusmallista

Korkeusmalli, often translated as digital elevation model (DEM) or digital terrain model (DTM), is a representation of the ground surface topography or terrain using numerical data. It is a fundamental tool in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including geography, geology, hydrology, civil engineering, and remote sensing.

A korkeusmalli is typically a raster dataset where each cell contains an elevation value. These values can represent the bare earth surface (Digital Terrain Model, DTM) or include features like buildings and vegetation (Digital Surface Model, DSM). The data used to create korkeusmallit can be acquired through various methods such as aerial photogrammetry, satellite imagery, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), and ground-based surveys.

The resolution of a korkeusmalli, which refers to the size of the grid cells, significantly impacts its detail and accuracy. Higher resolution models capture finer topographic features, while lower resolution models provide a broader overview.

Korkeusmallit have numerous applications. They are used for terrain analysis, such as calculating slopes and aspect, identifying water flow paths, and modeling erosion. In urban planning and civil engineering, they aid in site selection, infrastructure design, and flood risk assessment. Remote sensing utilizes DEMs to correct for topographic distortions in imagery and for 3D visualization of landscapes. Furthermore, they are essential for creating contour maps, generating shaded relief, and performing hydrological modeling. The development and application of korkeusmallit continue to advance with improvements in data acquisition technology and analytical techniques.