kontinuitetsteori

Kontinuitetsteori, or Continuity Theory, is a theoretical framework in gerontology and psychology that explains how individuals adapt to aging by maintaining continuity in their lives. Developed by Robert Atchley in 1989, it was proposed as an alternative to disengagement theory and as a complement to activity theory. The central idea is that successful aging involves preserving a sense of self and life structure through consistency across time.

The theory highlights two forms of continuity. Internal continuity refers to maintaining stable self-concepts, values, preferences, and personal identity. External continuity involves keeping stable social roles, relationships, routines, and environments. According to kontinuitetsteori, older adults strive to preserve these continuities by selecting activities and settings that align with established patterns while gradually adapting as needed.

Proponents argue that individuals who maintain familiar roles and routines experience better well-being, life satisfaction, and perceived control. The theory emphasizes adaptation through continuity rather than withdrawal or constant activity, placing emphasis on the coherence of the life course.

Kontinuitetsteori interacts with other aging theories. It contrasts with disengagement theory and is often discussed alongside activity theory, though it focuses more on the persistence of structure than on the level of activity. Critics note that the theory can be vague, difficult to operationalize, and may overlook cultural, socioeconomic, or health-related constraints.

Applications of kontinuitetsteori appear in aging research, social work, and programs designed to support independent living and aging in place, by framing interventions around maintaining stable identities, roles, and environments for older adults.