konsensusmehhanismid
Konsensusmehhanismid, or consensus mechanisms, are the protocols used by distributed systems, especially blockchains, to agree on a single history of transactions and to validate new blocks without a central authority. They aim to achieve safety, liveness, and resistance to tampering even when some participants act dishonestly or fail.
Two broad families are commonly distinguished. Nakamoto-style consensus governs permissionless networks and relies on probabilistic finality:
A second family consists of classical Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) protocols, typically used in permissioned networks. These
Key trade-offs involve security assumptions, energy consumption, throughput, latency, and susceptibility to centralization. Some systems favor