kompresion

Kompresion is the process of reducing the size or volume of a substance or data set by applying pressure or by encoding information more efficiently. In physics and engineering, kompresion most often refers to decreasing the volume of a gas or solid under a compressive force, which increases density and affects pressure and temperature. For gases, compression involves work done on the system and is described by thermodynamic relations such as PV = nRT for idealized cases. Materials respond with compressive stress and strain, and are characterized by properties such as compressive strength and stiffness. Compression tests are standard methods to measure these properties.

In information technology, kompresion also denotes data compression, the process of reducing the size of digital data to save storage space or bandwidth. This can be lossless, where the original data can be perfectly reconstructed, or lossy, where some information is discarded to achieve higher reduction. Common lossless techniques include Huffman coding and Lempel-Ziv variants; lossy methods rely on perceptual models in audio, image, and video compression.

Applications span many fields: mechanical design, civil and aerospace engineering, fluid systems and hydraulics, medical devices and compression therapy, textiles and athletic garments, and digital media workflows. In signal processing, compression also encompasses dynamic range control in audio and other signals.

Kompresion thus covers a broad concept that integrates physical processes, information science, and practical technologies, with the central idea being the reduction of size or bandwidth under given constraints.