kollakaseni

Kollakaseni is a traditional form of martial arts and combat sport originating from the southern Indian state of Kerala. The term "kollakaseni" is derived from the Malayalam words *kolla* (meaning "fist") and *kaseni* (meaning "art" or "science"), collectively referring to the art of fist fighting. It is one of the oldest martial arts systems in India, with historical references dating back over 2,000 years.

Kollakaseni is deeply rooted in Kerala’s cultural and historical context, often practiced as a means of self-defense, discipline, and physical training. Unlike some other martial arts, it emphasizes practical combat techniques rather than formalized katas or forms. The system incorporates a variety of strikes, grappling, and counterattacks, focusing on efficiency and adaptability in real-world scenarios.

Historically, Kollakaseni was associated with the warrior communities of Kerala, particularly the Nair and Ezhava castes, who used it as both a martial skill and a symbol of honor. It was also practiced by temple warriors (*vettiyar*) who guarded sacred sites. Over time, the art evolved alongside regional influences, blending elements of indigenous techniques with some external martial traditions.

Today, Kollakaseni remains a lesser-known but culturally significant martial art, preserved by enthusiasts and traditional practitioners. It is often taught in a manner that maintains its authenticity while adapting to modern training methods. While not as widely practiced as other martial arts, it continues to be studied for its historical value and practical combat applications.

The art is typically passed down through oral tradition and direct instruction, with an emphasis on understanding the principles behind techniques rather than rigid memorization. Kollakaseni reflects the martial heritage of Kerala, offering insights into the region’s historical combat practices and the resilience of its cultural traditions.