kolizja

Kolizja is a term for a collision, an event in which two or more bodies strike each other or a surface. In everyday use it often refers to road traffic incidents, known as kolizja drogowa. Collisions can involve vehicles, pedestrians, cyclists, or stationary objects, and may occur at various speeds and in different environments.

In traffic, a kolizja can range from minor property damage to serious injuries or fatalities. It is typically distinguished from a wypadek or kolizja śmiertelna depending on severity and injuries in some jurisdictions; however, terminology varies by country. The key element is a forceful interaction between bodies resulting in damage or harm.

Causes are frequently multifactorial: driver error such as distraction, speeding, impairment by alcohol or drugs; adverse weather; mechanical failures; poor road design or maintenance; visibility issues; failed signaling or traffic events.

Response includes stopping safely, calling emergency services when needed, exchanging information, and reporting the incident to authorities and insurers. Investigations may determine fault and liability, which influence compensation and legal consequences. Prevention focuses on safety measures such as seat belts, airbags, speed limits, enforcement, road design improvements, driver education, and vehicle safety technologies.