kokonaiselinkaariarviointi

Kokonaiselinkaariarviointi, often abbreviated as LCI (Life Cycle Assessment), is a systematic methodology for evaluating the environmental impacts of a product, process, or service throughout its entire life cycle. This encompasses all stages from raw material extraction and manufacturing to distribution, use, and end-of-life disposal or recycling. The goal is to understand and quantify the environmental burdens associated with each phase, providing a comprehensive picture of a product's overall ecological footprint.

The LCI process typically involves several key steps. First, a goal and scope definition clearly outlines what is being assessed and the boundaries of the study. Second, an inventory analysis (LCI) is conducted, which involves collecting data on all relevant inputs (e.g., energy, water, raw materials) and outputs (e.g., emissions, waste) across the life cycle. Third, an impact assessment (LCIA) translates these inventory data into potential environmental impacts, such as global warming potential, acidification, and eutrophication. Finally, an interpretation phase analyzes the results, identifies critical areas for improvement, and draws conclusions.

LCI is a valuable tool for decision-making in various fields, including product development, policy making, and environmental management. It helps identify environmental hotspots in a product's life cycle, enabling targeted improvements to reduce its overall impact. By considering the entire life cycle, it prevents burden shifting, where reducing an impact in one stage might inadvertently increase it in another. This holistic approach supports sustainable consumption and production patterns.