klorokiini

Klorokiini is a synthetic antimalarial drug that has also been used to treat certain autoimmune diseases. Its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it is thought to interfere with the parasite's ability to metabolize hemoglobin and to accumulate in the parasite's food vacuole. In autoimmune conditions, it is believed to suppress the immune system by affecting lysosomal functions and inhibiting the production of certain cytokines.

The drug was first synthesized in the 1930s and became widely used as a treatment for malaria in the mid-20th century. However, widespread resistance developed in many malaria-endemic regions, limiting its effectiveness for this purpose. Despite this, klorokiini remains a valuable medication for treating other conditions.

Commonly prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus, klorokiini can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms such as joint pain and skin rashes. Its use in these conditions requires careful monitoring due to potential side effects.

The side effects of klorokiini can include gastrointestinal upset, headaches, and visual disturbances. More serious, though less common, side effects can involve retinopathy, which can lead to irreversible vision loss, and cardiac issues. Due to these risks, regular eye examinations are crucial for individuals on long-term klorokiini therapy. Klorokiini is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women unless absolutely necessary and under strict medical supervision.