kiore

Kiore refers to a traditional Māori practice of controlled burning in New Zealand’s forests and landscapes. The term originates from the Māori word *kiore*, which can mean "rat" or "mouse," but in this context, it specifically denotes the deliberate use of fire to manage vegetation. This technique has been employed by the Māori people for centuries to maintain the health of the land, promote biodiversity, and enhance hunting and gathering opportunities.

The practice of kiore involves setting small, carefully controlled fires to clear underbrush, stimulate new growth, and create a mosaic of habitats. These fires help prevent the buildup of dense vegetation, which can lead to larger, more destructive wildfires. By managing the landscape in this way, Māori communities could improve access to food sources like birds, fish, and plants while also reducing the risk of fire spreading uncontrollably.

Kiore is closely linked to Māori environmental stewardship, reflecting a deep understanding of ecological balance. The practice aligns with broader Indigenous fire management techniques found in many cultures around the world, such as Aboriginal Australians’ use of *cool burns*. However, the term *kiore* is uniquely tied to Māori traditions and the specific ecosystems of Aotearoa (New Zealand).

In modern times, kiore has gained recognition as a sustainable land management practice. Researchers and conservationists have studied its benefits, particularly in restoring native ecosystems and reducing fire risks. While traditional kiore was often seasonal and guided by cultural knowledge, contemporary applications may incorporate scientific fire ecology principles. Efforts to revive and adapt this practice continue, emphasizing its role in both cultural preservation and environmental sustainability.