kiihtyvyysmittaus

Kiihtyvyysmittaus, translated into English as acceleration measurement, is the quantitative determination of changes in velocity over time. It is a fundamental physical parameter in mechanics, navigation, engineering and physics. The value of acceleration is expressed in SI units of metres per second squared (m/s²) or other comparable units such as g, where one g equals approximately 9.81 m/s². Acceleration measurement is essential for characterising dynamic systems, analysing vehicle performance, assessing structural responses, and ensuring safety in various technologies. It also underpins inertial navigation, motion control, and vibration analysis.

The most common instrumentation for kiihtyvyysmittaus is the accelerometer. Mechanical accelerometers use a proof mass attached to a spring, turning relative displacement into a voltage or charge that is proportional to acceleration. Capacitive, piezoelectric, and MEMS (micro‑electromechanical systems) designs dominate modern applications due to their compact size, low power consumption, and high sensitivity. Other techniques include optical interferometry and laser Doppler vibrometry for high‑precision laboratory measurements. Data acquisition systems typically sample at rates from a few hertz for slow dynamics up to several megahertz for high‑frequency vibrations.

Kiihtyvyysmittaus plays a crucial role across disciplines. In automotive engineering it is employed to monitor crashworthiness and to supervise active safety systems. Aerospace uses it for attitude control and to detect micro‑vibrations during flight. Construction and civil engineering rely on it for monitoring seismic activity and dynamic loads on structures. In consumer electronics, acceleration sensors enable motion‑based input, step counting, and orientation detection. The field continues to evolve with improvements in sensor linearity, temperature stability, and integration with wireless communication, further expanding its applications.